上海居民室内灰尘重金属水平及环境评价
税玥，张新悦，蔡怡薇，王东启
（华东师范大学地理科学学院，上海200241）
摘要： 采集上海市居民区室内灰尘，对重金属污染进行健康风险评估。结果表明室内灰尘重金属含量高于室外，重
金属累积程度为：Cd>Zn>Cu>Pb>Cr。重金属多途径摄入的叠加非致癌风险为Cr>Pb>Cd>Cu>Zn，致癌风险为Cr>Cd，均低
于阈值，对人体不会造成明显危害，但需警惕Cr的致癌风险。灰尘中Zn、Pb、Cr含量之间存在显著相关性，表明其来源
途径可能有交叉。
关键词： 上海；重金属；室内灰尘；健康风险
中图分类号： X502 文献标识码： A 文章编号： 2095-0802-(2016)03-0119-03
Heavy Metal Concentration and Environmental Risk Assessment in Household Dust in Shanghai
SHUI Yue, ZHANG Xinyue, CAI Yiwei, WANG Dongqi
(Geography Science Academy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China)
Abstract: Indoor dust was collected in Shanghai and health risk assessment of heavy metal pollution was carried out in this
paper. The result showed that the heavy metal level is higher indoor and in industrial area. The cumulative degree of each heavy
metal is Cd>Zn>Cu>Pb>Cr. The added non-cancer hazard indexes risks of each heavy metal indoor is Cr>Pb>Cd>Cu>Zn, but the
non-cancer hazard indexes risks are lower than its threshold values. The cancer hazard indexes risks for Cr and Cd are both lower
than its threshold values, respectively, which indicated that the adverse health impact on people were relatively light in Shanghai.
Meanwhile, the correlations between Zn and Pb, Zn and Cr, Cr and Pb are remarked significant which indicate their original ways
overlapping. Key words: Shanghai; heavy metal; household dust; health risk assessment